1. The Attlee Governments, 1945-51

About this Lecture

Lecture

In this module, we think about the Attlee governments of 1945-51, focusing in particular on: (i) the reasons for Labour’s landslide victory in the 1945 General Election, including the impact of the Second World War on domestic politics and the popular support for the Beveridge Report; (ii) the rationale and consequences of Labour’s programme of nationalisation of coal-mining and utilities; (iii) the creation of the National Health Service and the wider welfare state; (iv) Labour’s foreign policy, especially its pro-American orientation during the early phases of the Cold War, its attitudes towards the Empire and its granting of independence to India in 1947.

Course

In this course, Professor John Callaghan (University of Salford) explores the history of the Labour Party from 1945 to the present day. In the first module, we think about the Labour government under Clement Attlee between 1945-51. In the second, we consider the conflicts which emerged between Labour’s ‘left’ and ‘centre-right’ during its years in opposition between 1951 and 1964. In the third module, we think about Labour’s return to power under Harold Wilson in 1964, before turning in the fourth module to explore the growth of the leftist challenge in the 1970s and Labour’s changing relationship with the trade unions. In the final two modules, we consider the leadership of Tony Blair and New Labour, thinking firstly about the reasons for Blair’s electoral success and his domestic policies, before considering how New Labour’s complex legacy has shaped the Labour Party since 2007.

Lecturer

John Callaghan is Professor of Politics and Contemporary History and the University of Salford, specialising in the history of the British Labour Party, the history of socialism and political theory. His recent publications include Communism in Britain: A Documentary History (2011) and British Labour and Foreign Policy: A History (2007).